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  2. Cinephilia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinephilia

    To a cinephile, a film is often not just a source of entertainment as they see films from a more critical point of view. In English, cinephile is sometimes used interchangeably with the word cineaste (/ ˈ s ɪ n i ˌ æ s t, ˈ s ɪ n eɪ ˌ æ s t / SIN-ee-ast, -⁠ay-), though in the original French the term cinéaste refers to a filmmaker.

  3. List of grammatical cases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_grammatical_cases

    ^† A sentence with possessed case noun always has to include a possessive case noun. Possessive case: direct ownership: owned by the house English | Turkish: Privative case: lacking, without: without a house Chuvash | Kamu | Martuthunira | Wagiman: Semblative/Similative case: similarity, comparing: that tree is like a house Wagiman: Sociative ...

  4. Indo-European vocabulary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_vocabulary

    Nouns are given in their nominative case, with the genitive case supplied in parentheses when its stem differs from that of the nominative. (For some languages, especially Sanskrit, the basic stem is given in place of the nominative.) Verbs are given in their "dictionary form". The exact form given depends on the specific language:

  5. Proto-Indo-European nominals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_nominals

    Gender may have also had a grammatical function, a change of gender within a sentence signaling the end of a noun phrase (a head noun and its agreeing adjectives) and the start of a new one. [ 18 ] An alternative hypothesis to the two-gender view is that Proto-Anatolian inherited a three-gender PIE system, and subsequently Hittite and other ...

  6. Phrase structure rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_rules

    The first rule reads: A S consists of a NP (noun phrase) followed by a VP (verb phrase). The second rule reads: A noun phrase consists of an optional Det followed by a N (noun). The third rule means that a N (noun) can be preceded by an optional AP (adjective phrase) and followed by an optional PP (prepositional phrase). The round brackets ...

  7. List of glossing abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glossing_abbreviations

    Exceptions include proper nouns, which typically are not translated, and kinship terms, which may be too complex to translate. Proper nouns/names may simply be repeated in the gloss, or may be replaced with a placeholder such as "(name. F)" or "PN(F)" (for a female name). For kinship glosses, see the dedicated section below for a list of ...

  8. Old Saxon grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Saxon_grammar

    The grammar of Old Saxon is highly inflected, similar to that of Old English or Latin.As an ancient Germanic language, the morphological system of Old Saxon is similar to that of the hypothetical Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including characteristically Germanic constructions such as the umlaut.

  9. Ancient Greek grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_grammar

    In Ancient Greek, all nouns, including proper nouns, are classified according to grammatical gender as masculine, feminine, or neuter. The gender of a noun is shown by the definite article (the word ὁ, ἡ, τό (ho, hē, tó) "the") which goes with it, or by any adjective which describes it: ὁ θεός (ho theós) "the god" (masculine)