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An NVIS antenna configuration is a horizontally polarized (parallel with the surface of the earth) radiating element that is from 1 / 20 th wavelength to 1 / 4 wave above the ground. The optimum height of such an antenna is about 1 / 4 wavelength, and high angle radiation declines only slightly for heights up to about ...
A short antenna pole next to a house Multiple Yagi TV aerials. Antennas are commonly placed on rooftops and sometimes in attics. Placing an antenna indoors significantly attenuates the level of the available signal. [19] [20] Directional antennas must be pointed at the transmitter they are receiving; in most cases great accuracy is not needed ...
The development of interest in TV-FM DX as a hobby can arise after more distant signals are either intentionally or accidentally discovered, leading to a serious interest in improving the listener's antenna and receiving installation for the purpose of actively seeking long-range television and radio reception.
William Ittner Orr (1919–2001) was an engineer, educator, communicator, and ham radio operator. [1] [2] [3] He was the American author of numerous amateur radio and radio engineering texts.
Antennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. [10] Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss. An automobile's whip antenna, a common example of an ...
Patch antenna gain pattern. A directional antenna or beam antenna is an antenna which radiates or receives greater radio wave power in specific directions. Directional antennas can radiate radio waves in beams, when greater concentration of radiation in a certain direction is desired, or in receiving antennas receive radio waves from one specific direction only.
Omnidirectional radiation patterns are produced by the simplest practical antennas, monopole and dipole antennas, consisting of one or two straight rod conductors on a common axis. Antenna gain (G) is defined as antenna efficiency (e) multiplied by antenna directivity (D) which is expressed mathematically as: =.
The J-pole antenna is an end-fed omnidirectional half-wave antenna that is matched to the feedline by a shorted quarter-wave parallel transmission line stub. [5] [1] [6] For a transmitting antenna to operate efficiently, absorbing all the power provided by its feedline, the antenna must be impedance matched to the line; it must have a resistance equal to the feedline's characteristic impedance.