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The Penrose process (also called Penrose mechanism) is theorised by Sir Roger Penrose as a means whereby energy can be extracted from a rotating black hole. [1] [2] [3] The process takes advantage of the ergosphere – a region of spacetime around the black hole dragged by its rotation faster than the speed of light, meaning that from the point of view of an outside observer any matter inside ...
A black hole bomb is the name given to a physical effect utilizing how a bosonic field impinging on a rotating black hole can be amplified through superradiant scattering.If the amplified field is reflected back towards the black hole, the amplification can be repeated, leading to a run-away growth of the field, i.e. an explosion.
A black hole with the mass of a car would have a diameter of about 10 −24 m and take a nanosecond to evaporate, during which time it would briefly have a luminosity of more than 200 times that of the Sun. Lower-mass black holes are expected to evaporate even faster; for example, a black hole of mass 1 TeV/c 2 would take less than 10 −88 ...
Implosion is a key part of the gravitational collapse of large stars, which can lead to the creation of supernovas, neutron stars and black holes. In the most common case, the innermost part of a large star (called the core ) stops burning and without this source of heat , the forces holding electrons and protons apart are no longer strong ...
In this case, a massive star (>30 solar masses) collapses to form a rotating black hole emitting twin astrophysical jets and surrounded by an accretion disk. It is a type of stellar explosion that ejects material with an unusually high kinetic energy , an order of magnitude higher than most supernovae, with a luminosity at least 10 times greater.
Extremal black hole – black hole with the minimal possible mass that can be compatible with a given charge and angular momentum. Black hole electron – if there were a black hole with the same mass and charge as an electron, it would share many of the properties of the electron including the magnetic moment and Compton wavelength.
A stellar black hole (or stellar-mass black hole) is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a star. [1] They have masses ranging from about 5 to several tens of solar masses. [2] They are the remnants of supernova explosions, which may be observed as a type of gamma ray burst. These black holes are also referred to as collapsars.
This book is a collection of essays and lectures written by Hawking, mainly about the makeup of black holes, and why they might be nodes from which other universes grow. Hawking discusses black hole thermodynamics, special relativity, general relativity, and quantum mechanics.