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  2. Exciton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

    An exciton is a bound state of an electron and an electron hole which are attracted to each other by the electrostatic Coulomb force resulting from their opposite charges. It is an electrically neutral quasiparticle regarded as an elementary excitation primarily in condensed matter, such as insulators, semiconductors, some metals, and in some liquids.

  3. Carrier generation and recombination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_generation_and...

    Electron and hole trapping in the Shockley-Read-Hall model. In the SRH model, four things can happen involving trap levels: [11] An electron in the conduction band can be trapped in an intragap state. An electron can be emitted into the conduction band from a trap level. A hole in the valence band can be captured by a trap.

  4. Eddy current - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current

    The magnetic field (B, green arrow) of the magnet's North pole N is directed down in the −y direction. The magnetic field exerts a Lorentz force on the electron (pink arrow) of F 1 = −e(v × B), where e is the electron's charge. Since the electron has a negative charge, from the right hand rule this is directed in the +z direction.

  5. Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors with Applications to ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons_and_Holes_in...

    First edition. Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors with Applications to Transistor Electronics is a book by Nobel Prize winner William Shockley, [1] first published in 1950. . It was a primary source, and was used as the first textbook, for scientists and engineers learning the new field of semiconductors as applied to the development of the transis

  6. Electron hole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_hole

    When an electron leaves a helium atom, it leaves an electron hole in its place. This causes the helium atom to become positively charged. In physics, chemistry, and electronic engineering, an electron hole (often simply called a hole) is a quasiparticle denoting the lack of an electron at a position where one could exist in an atom or atomic lattice.

  7. Shubnikov–de Haas effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shubnikov–de_Haas_effect

    The net current I m in relationship is made up of the currents towards contact m and of the current transmitted from the contact m to all other contacts l ≠ m. That current equals the voltage μ m / e of contact m multiplied with the Hall conductivity of 2e 2 / h per edge channel. Fig 2: Contact arrangement for measurement of SdH oscillations

  8. Hall effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect

    The conventional "hole" current is in the negative direction of the electron current and the negative of the electrical charge which gives I x = ntw(−v x)(−e) where n is charge carrier density, tw is the cross-sectional area, and −e is the charge of each electron.

  9. Quantum dot solar cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell

    In a conventional solar cell light is absorbed by a semiconductor, producing an electron-hole (e-h) pair; the pair may be bound and is referred to as an exciton.This pair is separated by an internal electrochemical potential (present in p-n junctions or Schottky diodes) and the resulting flow of electrons and holes creates an electric current.