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Some experts believe post-concussion symptoms are caused by structural damage to the brain or disruption of neurotransmitter systems, resulting from the impact that caused the concussion. [medical citation needed] Others believe that post-concussion symptoms are related to common psychological factors. Most common symptoms like headache ...
Second-impact syndrome (SIS) occurs when the brain swells rapidly, and catastrophically, after a person has a second concussion before symptoms from an earlier one have subsided. This second blow may occur minutes, days, or weeks after an initial concussion, [1] and even the mildest grade of concussion can lead to second impact syndrome. [2]
A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [8] Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with balance; nausea; blurred vision; and mood changes.
The RPQ is used to determine the presence and severity of post-concussion syndrome (PCS), a set of somatic, cognitive, and emotional symptoms following traumatic brain injury that may persist anywhere from a week, [1] to months, [2] or even more than six months. [1] [3] The RPQ has been cited in over 40 papers. [4]
If a stinger occurs, the athletes usually return to play after they restore full strength, are asymptomatic where no pain persists, and painless range of motion in the cervical spine. At low frequencies of stingers, like 1 or 2, there is a much lower risk of the symptoms reoccurring.
[5] [6] [7] After an injury, concussion symptoms can begin immediately or be and delayed by 1-2 days at most. [8] The immediate symptoms experienced after concussions include memory loss, disorientation, and poor balance. [8] Delayed symptoms experienced in the later stages include sleeping disorders and behavioral changes.
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Symptoms are dependent on the type of TBI (diffuse or focal) and the part of the brain that is affected. [40] Unconsciousness tends to last longer for people with injuries on the left side of the brain than for those with injuries on the right. [15] Symptoms are also dependent on the injury's severity.