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The word leukemia, which means 'white blood', is derived from the characteristic high white blood cell count that presents in most affected people before treatment. The high number of white blood cells is apparent when a blood sample is viewed under a microscope, with the extra white blood cells frequently being immature or dysfunctional. The ...
Conventionally, a leukocytosis exceeding 50,000 WBC/mm 3 with a significant increase in early neutrophil precursors is referred to as a leukemoid reaction. [2] The peripheral blood smear may show myelocytes, metamyelocytes, promyelocytes, and rarely myeloblasts; however, there is a mixture of early mature neutrophil precursors, in contrast to the immature forms typically seen in acute leukemia.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] In CLL, the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes , which are a type of white blood cell .
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 4.0% Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) 8.7% Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) sorted under lymphomas according to current WHO classification; called small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) when leukemic cells are absent. 10.2% Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) 3.7% Acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) 0.7% Other leukemias 3.1%
Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia is a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder that exhibits an unexplained, chronic (> 6 months) elevation in large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) in the peripheral blood. [1] It is divided in two main categories: T-cell LGL leukemia (T-LGLL) and natural-killer (NK)-cell LGL leukemia (NK-LGLL).
The underlying mechanism involves replacement of normal bone marrow with leukemia cells, which results in a drop in red blood cells, platelets, and normal white blood cells. [1] Diagnosis is generally based on bone marrow aspiration and specific blood tests. [3] AML has several subtypes for which treatments and outcomes may vary. [1]
Patients with this lymphoma commonly have an IgM gammaopathy, i.e. high blood levels of an IgM monoclonal protein. [6] Hairy cell leukemia: The monoclonal B-cells in this usually indolent CLL/SLL-like leukemia have a distinctive morphology and are CD5−, CD10−, CD19+, CD20+ (bright), CD23−, CD103+, CD200+, and complete Ig+. [9]
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the development of large numbers of immature lymphocytes. [1] Symptoms may include feeling tired, pale skin color, fever , easy bleeding or bruising, enlarged lymph nodes , or bone pain. [ 1 ]