Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Most cladogram algorithms use the mathematical techniques of optimization and minimization. In general, cladogram generation algorithms must be implemented as computer programs, although some algorithms can be performed manually when the data sets are modest (for example, just a few species and a couple of characteristics).
The cladogram may exceed the screen height making it difficult to see the overall structure and important small clades are too hard to see. A way around this is to collapse the large clades and expand them interactively. The following example shows a simple example to illustrate the principle:
{}—This template produces one row in a "family tree"-like chart consisting of boxes and connecting lines {{ Ahnentafel }} —This template takes genealogical data in the form of an ahnentafel and presents it as a graphical ancestry tree
|cladogram= cladogram, constructed with Template:Clade |cladogram2= second cladogram, constructed in the same way |caption= caption to display under cladogram |align= whether the cladogram should be right- or left-aligned or center (default right) Example:
Typical example of a horizontally-oriented cladogram, with horizontal and vertical lines used to indicate relationships. Date: 6 August 2007: Source: self-made, based on the GNUFDL PNG Image:Cladogram-example1.png by Geoffrey Adams: Author: Surachit
Cladogram (a branching tree diagram) illustrating the relationships of organisms within groups of taxa known as clades. The vertical line stem at the base represents the last common ancestor . The blue and orange subgroups are clades, each defined by a common ancestor stem at the base of its respective subgroup branch .
Willi Hennig 1972 Peter Chalmers Mitchell in 1920 Robert John Tillyard. The original methods used in cladistic analysis and the school of taxonomy derived from the work of the German entomologist Willi Hennig, who referred to it as phylogenetic systematics (also the title of his 1966 book); but the terms "cladistics" and "clade" were popularized by other researchers.
A simple cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships between four species: A, B, C, and D. Here, Species A is the outgroup, and Species B, C, and D form the ingroup. In cladistics or phylogenetics, an outgroup [1] is a more distantly related group of organisms that serves as a reference group when determining the evolutionary relationships of the ingroup, the set of organisms under study ...