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Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity [1] [2] is a book by the post-structuralist gender theorist and philosopher Judith Butler in which the author argues that gender is performative, meaning that it is maintained, created or perpetuated by iterative repetitions when speaking and interacting with each other.
Butler examines gender, sex, psychoanalysis, and the way medicine and the law treat intersex and transgender people. [1] Focusing on the case of David Reimer who was born male and reassigned to be raised as a girl after a botched circumcision, Butler reexamines the theory of performativity that they originally explored in Gender Trouble (1990).
For example, Timothy Laurie notes that Butler's use of phrases like "gender politics" and "gender violence" in relation to assaults on transgender individuals in the United States can "[scour] a landscape filled with class and labour relations, racialized urban stratification, and complex interactions between sexual identity, sexual practices ...
Judith Butler approaches embodiment of gender by acknowledging both its materiality and discursivity, conceptualizing a more expansive embodiment in which physical realities of gender are neither ignored nor essentialized. Butler evokes Michel Foucault to analyze the ways that gendered and sexed bodies are materialized via biopower.
Notably, Judith Butler has cited the work as key for their own studies on gender and sex. In a 2012 interview between the two, Butler observed that many think of Rubin as an agenda setter for "the methodology for lesbian and gay studies" as well as feminist theory. [23]
The feminist scholar and queer theorist Judith Butler critically applied a framework based on interpellation to highlight the social construction of gender identities. Butler argues that by hailing "It's a boy/girl," the newborn baby is ultimately positioned as subject. [10]
A gender script is a concept in feminist studies that refers to structures or paths created by societal norms that one is supposed to follow based on the gender assigned to them at birth. The American Psychological Association defines gender script as "a temporally organized, gender-related sequence of events". [ 1 ]
Butler covers examples from Pope Francis's comments comparing transgender people to nuclear weapons and Vladimir Putin calling Europe 'Gayropa' and saying gender is a Western construct that will destroy the family. Butler argues that the moment calls for solidarity between persecuted groups and a coalition of resistance. [1] [2] [3]