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The first plague pandemic was the first historically recorded Old World pandemic of plague, the contagious disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Also called the early medieval pandemic , it began with the Plague of Justinian in 541 and continued until 750 or 767.
Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30,000–50,000 inhabitants to it in 1620–1621, and again in 1654–1657, 1665, 1691, and 1740–1742. [178] Cairo suffered more than fifty plague epidemics within 150 years from the plague's first appearance, with the final outbreak of the second pandemic there in the 1840s. [115]
The Plague of Justinian in AD 541–542 is the first known attack on record, and marks the first firmly recorded pattern of bubonic plague. This disease is thought to have originated in China. [ 19 ] It then spread to Africa from where the huge city of Constantinople imported massive amounts of grain, mostly from Egypt, to feed its citizens.
The oldest known plague victims date back to around 5,000 years ago in Europe. Ancient DNA reveals the role the disease may have played in a mysterious population decline.
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Plague of 698–701 (part of first plague pandemic) 698–701 Byzantine Empire, West Asia, Syria, Mesopotamia: Bubonic plague: Unknown [47] 735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic: 735–737 Japan Smallpox: 2 million (approx. 1 ⁄ 3 of Japanese population) [15] [48] Plague of 746–747 (part of first plague pandemic) 746–747 Byzantine Empire ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 17 December 2024. Disease caused by Yersinia pestis bacterium This article is about the disease caused by Yersinia pestis. For other uses, see Plague. Medical condition Plague Yersinia pestis seen at 200× magnification with a fluorescent label. Specialty Infectious disease Symptoms Fever, weakness ...
There are two main forms of plague infection: bubonic, which is caused by a flea bite or blood contact with another infected animal or material and is characterized by swollen lymph nodes or ...