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Gadoteric acid, sold under the brand name Dotarem among others, is a macrocycle-structured gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent (GBCA). It consists of the organic acid DOTA as a chelating agent , and gadolinium (Gd 3+ ), and is used in form of the meglumine salt (gadoterate meglumine).
Gadoxetic acid is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. [4] Its salt, gadoxetate disodium , is marketed as Primovist in Europe and Eovist in the United States by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals .
DOTA is derived from the macrocycle known as cyclen.The four secondary amine groups are modified by replacement of the N-H centers with N-CH 2 CO 2 H groups. The resulting aminopolycarboxylic acid, upon ionization of the carboxylic acid groups, is a high affinity chelating agent for di- and trivalent cations.
Free Gd 3+ has a median lethal dose of 0.34 mmol/kg (IV, mouse) [27] or 100–200 mg/kg, but the LD50 is increased by a factor of 31 times [28] when Gd 3+ is chelated. [29] The spectrum of adverse drug reactions is greater with gadolinium-based contrast agents than with iodinated contrast agents (radiocontrast agents). [30]
The most severe reaction to gadobutrol is nephrogenic system fibrosis (NSF) among patients with impaired elimination of the drug. The risk is highest among patients with chronic, impaired kidney function and those with acute kidney injury. NSF may result in death or severe impairment of the skin, muscle, and internal organs. [8]
High levels of niacin, an essential B vitamin, may raise the risk of heart disease by triggering inflammation and damaging blood vessels, according to new research.. The report, published Monday ...
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Gadopentetic acid, sold under the brand name Magnevist, is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. [2]It is usually administered as a salt of a complex of gadolinium with DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentacetate) with the chemical formula A 2 [Gd(DTPA)(H 2 O)]; when cation A is the protonated form of the amino sugar meglumine the salt goes under the name "gadopentetate dimeglumine".