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The ICD-10 Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) is a set of diagnosis codes used in the United States of America. [1] It was developed by a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human services, [2] as an adaption of the ICD-10 with authorization from the World Health Organization.
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
For a diagnosis of benzodiazepine dependence to be made, the ICD-10 requires that at least 3 of the below criteria are met and that they have been present for at least a month, or, if less than a month, that they appeared repeatedly during a 12-month period. [51] [52]
On 1 January 1999 the ICD-10 (without clinical extensions) was adopted for reporting mortality, but ICD-9-CM was still used for morbidity. Meanwhile, NCHS received permission from the WHO to create a clinical modification of the ICD-10, and has production of all these systems: ICD-10-CM, for diagnosis codes, replaces volumes 1 and 2. Annual ...
The DSM-5 (2013), the current version, also features ICD-9-CM codes, listing them alongside the codes of Chapter V of the ICD-10-CM. On 1 October 2015, the United States health care system officially switched from the ICD-9-CM to the ICD-10-CM. [1] [2] The DSM is the authoritative reference work in diagnosing mental disorders in the world.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders; Feighner Criteria; Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), 1970s-era criteria that served as a basis for DSM-III; Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), an ongoing framework being developed by the National Institute of Mental Health
Changes in the diagnostic criteria, increasing evidence, literature about how to make the diagnosis and how to explain it and changes in medical training is slowly changing this. [33] People with functional or dissociative seizures should try to identify warning signs and learn techniques to avoid harm or injury during and after the seizure.
The production of seizure-like symptoms is not under voluntary control; [10] [11] symptoms which are feigned or faked voluntarily would fall under the categories of factitious disorder or malingering. [12] Risk factors for PNES include having a history of head injury, and having a diagnosis of epilepsy. [13]