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Theism is broadly defined as the belief in the existence of at least one deity. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In common parlance, or when contrasted with deism , the term often describes the philosophical conception of God that is found in classical theism —or the conception found in monotheism —or gods found in polytheistic religions—or a belief in God or ...
Philosophical theism is the belief that the Supreme Being exists (or must exist) independent of the teaching or revelation of any particular religion. [1] It represents belief in God entirely without doctrine , except for that which can be discerned by reason and the contemplation of natural laws .
It is made up of three essays: "Nature" and the "Utility of Religion", were both written between 1850 and 1858, while "Theism" was composed between 1868 and 1870. [1] The book is critical of traditional religious views, instead advocating for a "religion of humanity". [2]
Classical theism, while deeply influential in the development of Western religious thought, has been the subject of significant philosophical and theological critiques. These criticisms often center around the coherence of classical theism's core attributes, especially in light of modern philosophical developments and alternative theistic models.
William L. Rowe, William J. Wainwright, Philosophy of Religion: Selected Readings, Third Ed. (Florida: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1998) Religious Studies is an international journal for the philosophy of religion. It is available online and in print and has a fully searchable online archive dating back to Issue 1 in 1965.
Religious philosophy influences many aspects of an individual's conception and outlook on life. For example, empirical studies concentrating on the philosophical concept of spirituality at or near the end of life, conducted in India, found that individuals who follow Indian philosophical concepts are influenced by these concepts in their ...
According to Reformed epistemology, belief in God can be rational and justified even without arguments or evidence for the existence of God. More specifically, Plantinga argues that belief in God is properly basic, and due to a religious externalist epistemology, he claims belief in God could be justified independently of evidence.
The argument from religious experience is an argument for the existence of God. It holds that the best explanation for religious experiences is that they constitute genuine experience or perception of a divine reality. Various reasons have been offered for and against accepting this contention.