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An array data structure can be mathematically modeled as an abstract data structure (an abstract array) with two operations get(A, I): the data stored in the element of the array A whose indices are the integer tuple I. set(A, I, V): the array that results by setting the value of that element to V. These operations are required to satisfy the ...
Some computer languages implement name–value pairs, or more frequently collections of attribute–value pairs, as standard language features. Most of these implement the general model of an associative array: an unordered list of unique attributes with associated values. As a result, they are not fully general; they cannot be used, for ...
A general way to order objects with many attributes is to first group and order them by one attribute, and then, within each such group, group and order them by another attribute, etc. If more than one attribute participates in ordering, the first would be called major and the last minor. If two attributes participate in ordering, it is ...
Python supports most object oriented programming (OOP) techniques. It allows polymorphism, not only within a class hierarchy but also by duck typing. Any object can be used for any type, and it will work so long as it has the proper methods and attributes. And everything in Python is an object, including classes, functions, numbers and modules.
A singly-linked list structure, implementing a list with three integer elements. The term list is also used for several concrete data structures that can be used to implement abstract lists, especially linked lists and arrays. In some contexts, such as in Lisp programming, the term list may refer specifically to a linked list rather than an array.
For example, if one has a List reference in Java, one cannot invoke clone() on that reference because List specifies no public clone() method. Implementations of List like Array List and Linked List all generally have clone() methods, but it is inconvenient and bad abstraction to carry around the class type of an object.
In software development, an object is an entity that has state, behavior, and identity. [ 1 ] : 78 An object can model some part of reality or can be an invention of the design process whose collaborations with other such objects serve as the mechanisms that provide some higher-level behavior.
In object-oriented programming, classes can contain attributes and methods. An attribute in a relational database can be represented as a column or field. In computing, an attribute is a specification that defines a property of an object, element, or file. It may also refer to or set the specific value for a given instance of such.