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The Fierce-fire Oil Cabinet (Chinese: 喷火气; pinyin: pēnhuǒqì; lit. 'fire spraying air') was a double-piston pump naphtha flamethrower first recorded to have been used in 919 AD in China, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
A Chinese flamethrower from the Wujing Zongyao manuscript of 1044 AD, Song dynasty. The Pen Huo Qi ("fire spraying device") was a Chinese piston flamethrower that used a substance similar to petrol or naphtha, invented around 919 AD during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
A Chinese flamethrower from the Wujing Zongyao manuscript of 1044 AD, Song dynasty. Meng Huo You (Chinese: 猛火油; pinyin: měng huǒ yóu; lit. 'fierce-fire oil') is the name given to petroleum in ancient China, which practiced the use of petroleum as an incendiary weapon in warfare.
A Chinese flamethrower from the Wujing Zongyao. The Wujing Zongyao describes a flamethrower with a double-acting two-piston cylinder-pump capable of shooting a continuous blast of flame. [42] The first Chinese battle to use the double-piston pump flamethrower was the Battle of Langshan Jiang in 919 AD.
The Chinese flamethrower, known as the Fierce-fire Oil Cabinet, was recorded to have been used in 976 AD when Song naval forces confronted the Southern Tang fleet on the Changjiang. Southern Tang forces attempted to use flamethrowers against the Song navy, but were accidentally consumed by their own fire when violent winds swept in their direction.
A Chinese flamethrower. An 'igniter fire ball' and 'barbed fire ball' from the Wujing Zongyao. Prior to the introduction of gunpowder, fire arrows used mineral oil and sulphur as incendiaries. They were most commonly used by defenders to burn enemy siege engines such as ladders and rams. They were also used to create fires in defending cities. [26]
The Huolongjing (traditional Chinese: 火龍經; simplified Chinese: 火龙经; pinyin: Huǒ Lóng Jīng; Wade-Giles: Huo Lung Ching; rendered in English as Fire Drake Manual or Fire Dragon Manual), also known as Huoqitu (“Firearm Illustrations”), is a Chinese military treatise compiled and edited by Jiao Yu and Liu Bowen of the early Ming dynasty (1368–1683) during the 14th century.
Flamethrower, double piston and gunpowder-activated: Although the single piston flamethrower was first developed in the Byzantine Empire during the 7th century, [221] the 10th-century Chinese flamethrower, or Pen Huo Qi, boasted a continuous stream of flame by employing double piston syringes (which had been known since the Han dynasty ...