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OpenTherm was founded in 1996 because multiple manufacturers needed a simple-to-use communicating system between room controller and boiler. It had to run, like the existing controllers, over the existing two wires, not polarity sensitive, without the use of batteries.
The ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) is an American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard that regulates the design and construction of boilers and pressure vessels. [1] The document is written and maintained by volunteers chosen for their technical expertise . [ 2 ]
The ASME developed its boiler code in 1915. The code provided a solid reference of construction standards, but ASME lacked the authority to regulate. This was further complicated by the existence of local and state jurisdictions with their own codes and standards. This resulted in a patchwork of confusion having no basis in consistency.
A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated. The fluid does not necessarily boil. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications, [1] [page needed] [2] [page needed] including water heating, central heating, boiler-based power generation, cooking, and sanitation.
This Standard was originally published in 1931 as CB1 - SAA Boiler Code. It was subsequently issued in 1963 and 1967. In 1972, the Standard was issued under the designation AS 1200. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th editions were published in 1978, 1981 and 1988 respectively. In 1994 the Standard was jointed revised and issued under the designation AS/NZS 1200.
A steam boiler evaporates liquid water to form steam, or gaseous water, and requires frequent replenishment of boiler feedwater for the continuous production of steam required by most boiler applications. Water is a capable solvent, and will dissolve small amounts of solids from piping and containers including the boiler.
The temperature of the flue gases in a steam engine firebox can reach 1,000 °F (500 °C), at which temperature copper, from which historically most fireboxes were made, softens to a state which can no longer sustain the boiler pressure and a severe explosion will result if water is not put into the boiler quickly and the fire removed or ...
Soot deposited on the heating surfaces of a boiler acts as a heat insulator. The result is that less heat is transferred to the water to raise steam and more heat is wasted up the chimney . This leads to higher fuel consumption and/or poor steaming.