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  2. Engel curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engel_curve

    For normal goods, the Engel curve has a positive gradient. That is, as income increases, the quantity demanded increases. That is, as income increases, the quantity demanded increases. Amongst normal goods, there are two possibilities.

  3. File:Elementary principles of economics (IA ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elementary_principles...

    Books from the Library of Congress elementaryprinci00fish (User talk:Fæ/IA books#Fork5) (batch 1900-1924 #16571) File usage No pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed).

  4. Envelope theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envelope_theorem

    In mathematics and economics, the envelope theorem is a major result about the differentiability properties of the value function of a parameterized optimization problem. [1] As we change parameters of the objective, the envelope theorem shows that, in a certain sense, changes in the optimizer of the objective do not contribute to the change in ...

  5. For Dummies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_Dummies

    Also, some books in the series are smaller and do not follow the same formatting style as the others. Wiley has also launched an interactive online course with Learnstreet based on its popular book, Java for Dummies, 5th edition. [7] A spin-off board game, Crosswords for Dummies, was produced in the late 1990s. [8]

  6. Gains from trade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gains_from_trade

    In economics, gains from trade are the net benefits to economic agents from being allowed an increase in voluntary trading with each other. In technical terms, they are the increase of consumer surplus [ 1 ] plus producer surplus [ 2 ] from lower tariffs [ 3 ] or otherwise liberalizing trade .

  7. Positive and normative economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_normative...

    In the philosophy of economics, economics is often divided into positive (or descriptive) and normative (or prescriptive) economics.Positive economics focuses on the description, quantification and explanation of economic phenomena, [1] while normative economics discusses prescriptions for what actions individuals or societies should or should not take.

  8. Descent direction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descent_direction

    In optimization, a descent direction is a vector that points towards a local minimum of an objective function :.. Computing by an iterative method, such as line search defines a descent direction at the th iterate to be any such that , <, where , denotes the inner product.

  9. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_General_Theory_of...

    The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money is a book by English economist John Maynard Keynes published in February 1936. It caused a profound shift in economic thought, [1] giving macroeconomics a central place in economic theory and contributing much of its terminology [2] – the "Keynesian Revolution". It had equally powerful ...