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The ocarina went on to become popular in European communities as a toy instrument. [1] Ocarina, c. 1900, Museu de la Música de Barcelona. One of the oldest ocarinas found in Europe is from Runik, Kosovo. The Runik ocarina is a Neolithic flute-like wind instrument, and is the earliest prehistoric musical instrument ever recorded in Kosovo. [4]
A vessel flute with two fingering holes of the same size can sound three notes (both closed, one open, both open). A vessel flute with two fingering holes of different sizes can sound four notes (both closed, only the smaller hole open, only the bigger hole open, both open). The number of notes increases with the number of holes:
(B 3) C 4 –C 7 (F 7) (B 3) C 4 –C 7 (F ♯ 7) The standard concert flute, also called C flute, Boehm flute, silver flute, or simply flute, is pitched in C and has a potential range of three and a half octaves starting from the note C 4 . The flute's highest pitch is usually given as C 7 or (in more modern flute literature) D 7.
A forked fingering is a fingering in which an open hole has covered holes below it: fingerings for which the uncovering of the holes is not sequential. For example, the fingering 0123 (G 5) is not a forked fingering, while 0123 56 (F ♯ 5) is a forked fingering because the open hole 4 has holes covered below it – holes 5 and 6. Forked ...
Giuseppe Donati (2 December 1836 – 14 February 1925) was an Italian musical instrument maker who invented the ocarina, a ceramic wind instrument based on the principle of a Helmholtz resonator. [1] Donati was born in Budrio. [2]
Chord diagrams for some common chords in major-thirds tuning. In music, a chord diagram (also called a fretboard diagram or fingering diagram) is a diagram indicating the fingering of a chord on fretted string instruments, showing a schematic view of the fretboard with markings for the frets that should be pressed when playing the chord. [1]
Cross-fingering is any fingering, "requiring a closed hole or holes below an open one". [1]: 228 "Opening successive tone holes in woodwind instruments shortens the standing wave in the bore. However, the standing wave propagates past the first open hole, so its frequency can be affected by closing other tone holes further downstream.
The fingering system for the saxophone closely resembles the Boehm system. A key system inspired by Boehm's for the clarinet family is also known as the "Boehm system", although it was developed by Hyacinthe Klosé and not Boehm himself. The Boehm system was also adapted for a small number of flageolets.