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Kaliningrad, [a] known as Königsberg [b] until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave between Lithuania and Poland, 663 kilometres (412 mi) west of the bulk of Russia on the Pregolya River, at the head of the Vistula Lagoon, and the only ice-free Russian port on the Baltic Sea.
Kaliningrad is the only Russian Baltic Sea port that is ice-free all year and hence plays an important role in the maintenance of the country's Baltic Fleet. The oblast is mainly flat, as the highest point is the 230 m (750 ft) Gora Dozor hill near the tripoint of the Poland–Russia border/Lithuania–Russia border. [77]
Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Europe Kaliningrad Oblast on the map of Russia. The Kaliningrad question [a] is a political question concerning the status of Kaliningrad Oblast as an exclave of Russia, [1] and its isolation from the rest of the Baltic region following the 2004 enlargement of the European Union.
Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946 after the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR Mikhail Kalinin, although Kalinin was unrelated to the city, and there were already cities named in honour of Kalinin in the Soviet Union, namely Kalinin (now Tver) and Kaliningrad (now Korolev, Moscow Oblast).
Kaliningrad Oblast (dark green) of Russia (light green) within Europe. A series of restrictions on transit through Lithuania between the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast and mainland Russia were implemented during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. [1] The restrictions extended only to sanctioned goods and began on 18 June 2022. [2]
This is a list of currently and formerly inhabited localities in the Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, with their former names, where available, in German, Polish, ...
Pages in category "History of Kaliningrad" The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. C.
It is the only Baltic port in the Russian Federation that remains ice-free in winter. According to the 2010 census , it had a population of 941,873. [ 3 ] The oblast is a semi- exclave , bordered by Poland to the south and Lithuania to the east and north, so residents may only travel visa-free to the rest of Russia via sea or air.