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Water had been fluoridated in Israel in all major cities since 1981. This was stopped by the Minister of Health in 2014 [82] which was met with backlash. [83] The subsequent Minister of Health in 2016 ordered the reintroduction of fluoride to Israel's public drinking water. [84] Due to budgetary constraints, it has never taken effect. [85]
Fluoridation does not affect the appearance, taste, or smell of drinking water. [1] It is normally accomplished by adding one of three compounds to the water: sodium fluoride, fluorosilicic acid, or sodium fluorosilicate. Sodium fluoride (NaF) was the first compound used and is the reference standard. [40]
The research had two goals: (1) to warn communities with a high concentration of fluoride of the danger, initiating a reduction of the fluoride levels in order to reduce incidence rates of fluorosis, and (2) to encourage communities with a low concentration of fluoride in drinking water to add fluoride in order to help prevent tooth decay. By ...
The U.S. Public Health Service’s recommendation is a fluoride concentration of 0.7 mg/L of drinking water—and there were not enough data to determine if 0.7 mg/L of fluoride exposure in ...
Adding fluoride to drinking water reduces rates of cavities by around 25%, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says.
That triggered a pushback against fluoride in drinking water that has continued. In 2015, the U.S. Public Health Service, under the Department of Health and Human Services, set the optimal level ...
President-elect Donald Trump has picked Robert F. Kennedy Jr. as his Health and Human Services secretary and while we don’t know what the policies will be, one thing Kennedy has signaled he ...
In 2024, a U.S. government study released by HHS found higher levels of fluoride exposure, such as drinking water containing more than 1.5 mg/L (which is the recommended safe limit set by the WHO), are associated with lower IQ in children. [21] The associated meta-analysis was published in 2025. It reports a null association when concentration ...