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Human occupation of Rwanda is thought to have begun shortly after the last ice age.By the 11th century, [1] the inhabitants had organized into a number of kingdoms. In the 19th century, Mwami Rwabugiri of the Kingdom of Rwanda conducted a decades-long process of military conquest and administrative consolidation that resulted in the kingdom coming to control most of what is now Rwanda.
The Kingdom of Rwanda was a Bantu kingdom in modern-day Rwanda, which grew to be ruled by a Tutsi monarchy. [1] It was one of the oldest and the most centralized kingdoms in Central and East Africa. [2] It was later annexed under German and Belgian colonial rule while retaining some of its autonomy.
Map of Rwanda. Map of Kigali (1942). This article lists the colonial residents of Rwanda , during the time when modern-day Rwanda was part of German East Africa and Ruanda-Urundi .
On 28 January 1961, in the coup of Gitarama during what was dubbed the Rwandan Revolution by the Belgian-favored Hutu extremist party Parmehutu, the Belgian colonial overseers abolished the monarchy and Rwanda became a republic [10] (retroactively approved by a Hutu led referendum held on 25 September of the same year). [11]
Rwanda has been a unified state since pre-colonial times, [44] and the population is drawn from just one cultural and linguistic group, the Banyarwanda; [248] this contrasts with most modern African states, whose borders were drawn by colonial powers and did not correspond to ethnic boundaries or pre-colonial kingdoms. [249]
Rwanda is occupied by Belgian forces. 1922: 20 July: Rwanda-Urundi are joined as a League of Nations mandate, governed by Belgium. [1] 1933: All citizens in Rwanda-Urundi are issued with an identity card defining their ethnicity. 1943: Famine affects the region. 1945: Rwanda-Urundi becomes a United Nations Trust Territory. 1957: The Hutu ...
Diadem of Kigeli IV Rwabugiri. Kigeli IV Rwabugiri (1840? - September 1895) [4] was the king of the Kingdom of Rwanda in the mid-nineteenth century. He was among the last Nyiginya kings in a ruling dynasty that had traced its lineage back to Gihanga, who is one of the first 'historical' kings of Rwanda whose exploits are celebrated in oral chronicles. [5]
Modern relations between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda have origins that date back to the European colonial era.Sharing a border that is 221 km (137.32 mi) in length, [2] the two countries were both colonial possessions of Belgium between 1919 and 1960, and were impacted by the two world wars.