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History of the social sciences. The history of the social sciences has origin in the common stock of Western philosophy and shares various precursors, but began most intentionally in the early 18th century with the positivist philosophy of science. Since the mid-20th century, the term "social science" has come to refer more generally, not just ...
Herbert A. Simon. Herbert Alexander Simon (June 15, 1916 – February 9, 2001) was an American political scientist whose work also influenced the fields of computer science, economics, and cognitive psychology.
The social science disciplines are branches of knowledge taught and researched at the college or university level. Social science disciplines are defined and recognized by the academic journals in which research is published, and the learned social science societies and academic departments or faculties to which their practitioners belong ...
History of sociology. Sociology as a scholarly discipline emerged, primarily out of Enlightenment thought, as a positivist science of society shortly after the French Revolution. Its genesis owed to various key movements in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of knowledge, arising in reaction to such issues as modernity, capitalism ...
Sociological positivism. Isidore Auguste Marie François Xavier Comte (French: [oɡyst kɔ̃t] ⓘ; 19 January 1798 – 30 September 1857) [1] was a French philosopher, mathematician and writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism. He is often regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term. [2]
Ferdinand de Saussure (/ s oʊ ˈ sj ʊər /; [2] French: [fɛʁdinɑ̃ də sosyʁ]; 26 November 1857 – 22 February 1913) was a Swiss linguist, semiotician and philosopher.His ideas laid a foundation for many significant developments in both linguistics and semiotics in the 20th century.
Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow (/ ˈvɪərkoʊ, ˈfɪərxoʊ / VEER-koh, FEER-khoh, [1] German: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈvɪʁço, - ˈfɪʁço]; [2][3] 13 October 1821 – 5 September 1902) was a German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician. He is known as "the father of modern pathology " and as ...
His book Hereditary Genius (1869) was the first social scientific attempt to study genius and greatness. [4] As an investigator of the human mind, he founded psychometrics and differential psychology, as well as the lexical hypothesis of personality. He devised a method for classifying fingerprints that proved useful in forensic science.