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List of polysubstance combinations. A drug combination chart designed for harm reduction by TripSit [1] Polysubstance use or multisubstance use is the use of combinations of psychoactive substances with both legal and illegal substances. This page lists polysubstance combinations that are entheogenic, recreational, or off-label indicated use of ...
Drug interaction. Grapefruit juice can act as an enzyme inhibitor, affecting the metabolism of drugs. In pharmaceutical sciences, drug interactions occur when a drug's mechanism of action is affected by the concomitant administration of substances such as foods, beverages, or other drugs. A popular example of drug–food interaction is the ...
creosote bush, gobernadora, larreastat [4] Larrea tridentata, Larrea divaricata[4] Liver damage, [3][4][5] kidney problems, [4] Hypotension in cancer patients [3] Chinese herbal mixtures. Heavy metal poisoning [5] Coltsfoot. coughwort, farfarae folium leaf, foalswort [4] Tussilago farfara.
Drugs that interact usually share three common features: they are taken orally, normally only a small amount enters systemic blood circulation, and they are metabolized by CYP3A4. [1] The effects on the CYP3A4 in the liver could, in principle, cause interactions with non-oral drugs, [citation needed] and non-CYP3A4-mediated effects also exist. [31]
CYP3A4. Cytochrome P450 3A4 (abbreviated CYP3A4) (EC 1.14.13.97) is an important enzyme in the body, mainly found in the liver and in the intestine, which in humans is encoded by CYP3A4 gene. It oxidizes small foreign organic molecules (xenobiotics), such as toxins or drugs, so that they can be removed from the body.
Metamizole. Urine (96%, IV; 85%, oral), faeces (4%, IV). [4] Metamizole or dipyrone is a painkiller, spasm reliever, and fever reliever drug. It is most commonly given by mouth or by intravenous infusion. [13][11][14] It belongs to the ampyrone sulfonate family of medicines and was patented in 1922.
Ciprofloxacin is weakly bound to serum proteins (20–40%). It is an inhibitor of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 1A2, which leads to the potential for clinically important drug interactions with drugs metabolized by that enzyme. [5] Ciprofloxacin is about 70% available when administered orally. [3]
A separate list for children up to 12 years of age, known as the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc), was created in 2007 and is in its 9th edition. [ 10 ][ 21 ][ 22 ][ 23 ] It was created to make sure that the needs of children were systematically considered such as availability of proper formulations. [ 24 ][ 25 ...