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Learn about kidney failure symptoms, tests, diagnosis and treatment options, including medication, dialysis and kidney transplant.
Acute kidney injury happens when the kidneys suddenly can't filter waste products from the blood. When the kidneys can't filter wastes, harmful levels of wastes may build up. The blood's chemical makeup may get out of balance. Acute kidney injury used to be called acute kidney failure.
End-stage renal disease, also called end-stage kidney disease or kidney failure, occurs when chronic kidney disease — the gradual loss of kidney function — reaches an advanced state. In end-stage renal disease, your kidneys no longer work as they should to meet your body's needs.
Often, though, chronic kidney disease has no cure. Treatment usually consists of measures to help control signs and symptoms, reduce complications, and slow progression of the disease. If your kidneys become severely damaged, you might need treatment for end-stage kidney disease.
Most patients are diagnosed in stage 3. That’s also when early symptoms like swelling or high blood pressure start. Fatigue, lack of appetite, shortness of breath, itching, poor sleep and restless legs become common when the disease progresses to stage 4.
Diabetic kidney disease can lead to kidney failure. This also is called end-stage kidney disease. Kidney failure is a life-threatening condition. Treatment options for kidney failure are dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Symptoms. Polycystic kidney disease symptoms can include: High blood pressure. Belly, side or back pain. Blood in the urine. A feeling of fullness in the belly. Increased size of the belly from enlarged kidneys. Headaches. Kidney stones. Kidney failure. Urinary tract or kidney infections. When to see a doctor
Kidney failure. Kidney failure often occurs after liver failure, especially if you had an acetaminophen overdose, which damages both your liver and your kidneys. Prevention. Reduce your risk of acute liver failure by taking care of your liver. Follow instructions on medications.
You may be referred to a specialist in kidney disease, called a nephrologist. Before your appointment, write down questions. Consider asking: What's the most likely cause of my symptoms? Have my kidneys stopped working? What could have caused my kidney failure? What tests do I need? What are my treatment choices, and what are the risks?
End-stage renal disease usually occurs when kidney function is less than 15% of typical kidney function. As a part of kidney disease staging, your provider also might test whether you have protein in your urine.