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A function can only have one output, y, for each unique input, x. If a vertical line intersects a curve on an xy-plane more than once then for one value of x the curve has more than one value of y, and so, the curve does not represent a function. If all vertical lines intersect a curve at most once then the curve represents a function. [1]
So a 2-uniform hypergraph is a graph, a 3-uniform hypergraph is a collection of unordered triples, and so on. Directed hypergraphs can be used to model things including telephony applications, [ 16 ] detecting money laundering , [ 17 ] operations research, [ 18 ] and transportation planning.
In general, implicit curves fail the vertical line test (meaning that some values of x are associated with more than one value of y) and so are not necessarily graphs of functions. However, the implicit function theorem gives conditions under which an implicit curve locally is given by the graph of a function (so in particular it has no self ...
Given a function : (i.e. from the real numbers to the real numbers), we can decide if it is injective by looking at horizontal lines that intersect the function's graph. If any horizontal line = intersects the graph in more than one point, the function is not injective. To see this, note that the points of intersection have the same y-value ...
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A relation that is functional and total. For example, the red and green relations in the diagram are functions, but the blue and black ones are not. An injection [d] A function that is injective. For example, the green relation in the diagram is an injection, but the red, blue and black ones are not. A surjection [d] A function that is surjective.
5 potentially merging Horizontal line test and Vertical line test into monotonicity?
Note the formula on the dot-matrix line above and the answer on the seven-segment line below, as well as the arrow keys allowing the entry to be reviewed and edited. This calculator program has accepted input in infix notation, and returned the answer 3 , 8 6 ¯ {\displaystyle 3{\text{,}}8{\overline {6}}} .