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The national flag of Ireland (Irish: bratach na hÉireann), frequently referred to in Ireland as 'the tricolour' (an trídhathach) and elsewhere as the Irish tricolour, is a vertical tricolour of green (at the hoist), white and orange.
Flag Date Use Description 1922–1973: Personal flag of the governor of Northern Ireland.: A Union Jack defaced with the coat of arms of Northern Ireland.: 1924–1972: The Ulster Banner, also known as the Ulster flag or the Red Hand of Ulster flag, was the flag of the Government of Northern Ireland between 1924 and 1972.
The arms of Ireland are a gold, silver-stringed Celtic harp (cláirseach) on an azure field.. As a region, Northern Ireland has not been granted a coat of arms, but the Government of Northern Ireland was granted arms in 1924, which have not been in use since the suspension of the Parliament of Northern Ireland in 1972, which was abolished the following year.
The flag was adopted in 1919 by the Irish Republic during its war of independence, and subsequently by the Irish Free State (1922–1937), later being given constitutional status under the 1937 Constitution of Ireland. The tricolour is regarded by many nationalists as the national flag of the whole of island of Ireland.
The Irish Constitution describes Irish as the "national language" and the "first official language", but English (the "second official language") is the dominant language. In the 2016 census , about 1.75 million people (40% of the population) said they were able to speak Irish but, of those, under 74,000 spoke it on a daily basis. [ 185 ]
Although the Kingdom of Ireland never had an official flag, this flag is recorded as the flag of Ireland by 18th- and 19th-century sources. It was used as a naval jack and as the basis for the unofficial green ensign of Ireland, particularly during the 18th and 19th centuries. The flag is identical to the arms of the province of Leinster. It is ...