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In addition to fluid resuscitation and supportive care, a common antibiotic regimen in infants with suspected sepsis is a beta-lactam antibiotic (usually ampicillin) in combination with an aminoglycoside (usually gentamicin) or a third-generation cephalosporin (usually cefotaxime—ceftriaxone is generally avoided in neonates due to the ...
Since the syndrome is due to the accumulation of chloramphenicol, the signs and symptoms are dose related. [10] According to Kasten's review published in the Mayo Clinic Proceedings, a serum concentration of more than 50 μg/mL is a warning sign, [10] while Hammett-Stabler and John states that the common therapeutics peak level is 10-20 μg/mL and is expected to achieve after 0.5-1.5 hours of ...
Research also continues into the role and protective effect of gut, skin and other human microbiomes and the colonization during the neonatal period. [ 26 ] [ 30 ] The comparison between both resource rich and poor countries makes it difficult to compare the diagnosis success; as industrialized regions are able to confirm the diagnosis and ...
β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.
Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat several bacterial infections in humans, other animals, and plant tissue culture. [3] Specifically in humans it is used to treat joint infections , pelvic inflammatory disease , meningitis , pneumonia , urinary tract infections , sepsis , gonorrhea , and cellulitis . [ 3 ]
Ceftizoxime is a third-generation cephalosporin available for parenteral administration. [1] Unlike other third-generation cephalosporins, the whole C-3 side chain in ceftizoxime has been removed to prevent deactivation by hydrolytic enzymes.
Ampicillin/sulbactam should be given with caution in infants less than a week old and premature neonates. This is due to the underdeveloped urinary system in these patients, which can cause a significantly increased half-life for both drugs.16 Based on its elimination, ampicillin/sulbactam is typically given every 6 to 8 hours.
The expert panel reached a high level of consensus on cefditoren pivoxil as the most appropriate option for the switch therapy from parenteral third-generation cephalosporins (like cefotaxime or ceftriaxone) to oral therapy, because of the similar spectrum and the highest intrinsic activity. [17]