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The unusual singular "mathématique" (mathematic) of the title is deliberate, meant to convey the authors' belief in the unity of mathematics. [3] [4] A companion volume, Éléments d'histoire des mathématiques (Elements of the History of Mathematics), collects and reproduces several of the historical notes that previously appeared in the work.
The Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées (ISSN 0021-7824) is a French monthly scientific journal of mathematics, founded in 1836 by Joseph Liouville (editor: 1836–1874). The journal was originally published by Charles Louis Étienne Bachelier. [ 1 ]
It publishes several academic journals: Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure, Astérisque, Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France, Gazette des mathématiciens, Mémoires de la Société Mathématique de France, Panoramas et Synthèses, and Revue d'histoire des mathématiques. [1]
The collège is the first level of secondary education in the French educational system.A pupil attending collège is called collégien (boy) or collégienne (girl). Men and women teachers at the collège- and lycée-level are called professeur (no official feminine professional form exists in France although the feminine form "professeure" has appeared and seems to be gaining some ground in ...
The term grande école originated in 1794 after the French Revolution, [13] when the National Convention created the École normale supérieure, the mathematician Gaspard Monge and Lazare Carnot created the École centrale des travaux publics (later the École polytechnique), and the abbot Henri Grégoire created the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers.
Presidential elections were held in France on 23 April and 7 May 2017. Incumbent president François Hollande of the Socialist Party (PS) was eligible to run for a second term, but declared on 1 December 2016 that he would not seek reelection in light of low approval ratings, making him the first incumbent head of state of the Fifth Republic not to seek reelection.