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Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. It is situated in the middle of Indian Ocean. Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, as well as thousands of marine and brackish water fauna. [1] Fishing is the way of life of most of coastal community.
The low salinity and high osmotic pressure makes them so different. Few fish can be found in all three ecological systems. There are 95 species of freshwater fish occur in the country, where 53 of those are endemic. 41% of all known species of fish of Sri Lanka are found in freshwater. There are about 70% of endemism of those fish.
The ancestor of G. ceylonensis colonized Sri Lanka from India once during the late Pliocene, via a former isthmus that existed in the Palk Strait, and from the Pleistocene until its submergence, the still-exposed isthmus may have had a hydroclimate unsuitable to further dispersal of freshwater fish.
Capture (blue) and aquaculture (green) production of Giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy) in thousand tonnes from 1950 to 2022, as reported by the FAO [2]The giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy) is a species of large gourami native to freshwater habitats in Southeast Asia. [3]
Since Sri Lanka was ruled by the Portuguese, Dutch, and British. At various junctures, these nations introduced a number of exotic species, which included mammals, plants, birds, and fish. After Sri Lanka secured its independence, the introductions continued unabated, and the breeding of exotic aquarium fish for export became popular.
The cherry barb (Rohanella titteya) is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka, [2] and introduced populations have become established in Mexico and Colombia. The cherry barb was named Puntius titteya by Paules Edward Pieris Deraniyagala in 1929. Synonyms include Barbus titteya and Capoeta titteya.