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Maritime archaeology (also known as marine archaeology) is a discipline within archaeology as a whole that specifically studies human interaction with the sea, [1] lakes and rivers through the study of associated physical remains, be they vessels, shore-side facilities, port-related structures, cargoes, human remains and submerged landscapes. [2]
There are many reasons why underwater archaeology can make a significant contribution to our knowledge of the past. In the shipwreck field alone, individual shipwrecks can be of significant historical importance either because of the magnitude of loss of life (such as the Titanic) or circumstances of loss (Housatonic was the first vessel in history sunk by an enemy submarine).
Alligator Jr. was the key to selling the U.S. Navy on the concept of using submarines," said Delgado, who today is a senior vice president at Search, a private maritime archaeology firm.
The 1626 Sparrow-Hawk wreck is displayed at the Pilgrim Hall Museum in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Historic wrecks are attractive to maritime archaeologists because they preserve historical information: for example, studying the wreck of Mary Rose revealed information about seafaring, warfare, and life in the 16th century.
George F. Bass (1932–2021), pioneer underwater archaeologist, author, founded Institute of Nautical Archaeology in 1973; William Beebe (29 July 1877 – 4 June 1962) Samuel Stillman Berry (1887–1984), U.S. marine zoologist. [clarification needed] Henry Bryant Bigelow (1879–1967), U.S. marine biologist. [clarification needed]
View of upper Istrian coast, Croatia with Zambratija on the left (north) and Umag to the right. The Zambratija shipwreck is a Late Bronze Age shipwreck dated to the 12th to 10th century BCE discovered in the Bay of Zambratija near Umag on Croatia's Istrian peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea.
Maritime archaeology is a sub-discipline of archaeology concerned with the study of human cultures broadly relating to or found in the sea — in practice the subject encompasses in addition inland water, foreshore and coastal sites, as well as associated material culture, such as boats, fishing and trade items, on land.
The Dokos wreck site was extensively excavated between 1989 and 1992 by the Hellenic Institute of Marine Archaeology (HIMA). [7] Archaeologist Dr. George Papathanasopoulos, President of HIMA, conducted the first ever full-scale excavation in Greece of an ancient shipwreck.