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Blood flow is also affected by the smoothness of the vessels, resulting in either turbulent (chaotic) or laminar (smooth) flow. Smoothness is reduced by the buildup of fatty deposits on the arterial walls. The Reynolds number (denoted NR or Re) is a relationship that helps determine the behavior of a fluid in a tube, in this case blood in the ...
In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. [1] [2] It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and Latin vascula meaning vessels).
Coronary arteries supply blood to the myocardium and other components of the heart. Two coronary arteries originate from the left side of the heart at the beginning (root) left ventricle . There are three aortic sinuses (dilations) in the wall of the aorta just superior to the aortic semilunar valve.
Diagram showing venous blood flow from capillary beds in some specific locations including the lungs, liver, and kidneys. There are some separate parallel systemic circulatory routes that supply specific regions, and organs. [8] They include the coronary circulation, the cerebral circulation, the bronchial circulation, and the renal circulation.
A Lindbergh perfusion pump, c. 1935, an early device for simulating natural perfusion. Perfusion is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, [1] usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue.
A blood volume increase would cause a shift along the line to the right, which increases left ventricular end diastolic volume (x axis), and therefore also increases stroke volume (y axis). The Frank–Starling law of the heart (also known as Starling's law and the Frank–Starling mechanism ) represents the relationship between stroke volume ...
The endothelium provides a smooth surface for the flow of blood and regulates the movement of water and dissolved materials in the interstitial plasma between the blood and the tissues. The microcirculation contrasts with macrocirculation , which is the circulation of blood to and from the organs.
Blood vessels play a huge role in virtually every medical condition. Cancer, for example, cannot progress unless the tumor causes angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) to supply the malignant cells' metabolic demand. [32] Atherosclerosis represents around 85% of all deaths from cardiovascular diseases due to the buildup of plaque. [33]