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Irish (Standard Irish: Gaeilge), also known as Irish Gaelic or simply Gaelic (/ ˈ ɡ eɪ l ɪ k / ⓘ GAY-lik), [3] [4] [5] is a Celtic language of the Indo-European language family. [4] [6] [7] [8] [3] It is a member of the Goidelic languages of the Insular Celtic sub branch of the family and is indigenous to the island of Ireland. [9]
Gaelic, by itself, is sometimes used to refer to Scottish Gaelic, especially in Scotland, and therefore is ambiguous.Irish and Manx are sometimes referred to as Irish Gaelic and Manx Gaelic (as they are Goidelic or Gaelic languages), but the use of the word Gaelic is unnecessary because the terms Irish and Manx, when used to denote languages, always refer to those languages.
During the "Irish revival", some Irish names which had fallen out of use were revived. Some names are recent creations, such as the now-common female names Saoirse "freedom" and Aisling "vision, dream". Some English-language names are anglicisations of Irish names, e.g. Kathleen from Caitlín and Shaun from Seán.
An Caighdeán Oifigiúil ([ənˠ ˌkəidʲaːn̪ˠ ˈɛfʲɪɟuːlʲ], "The Official Standard"), often shortened to An Caighdeán, is the variety of the Irish language that is used as the standard or state norm for the spelling and the grammar of the language and is used in official publications and taught in most schools in the Republic of Ireland.
The two comparatively "major" Gaelic nations in the modern era are Ireland (which had 71,968 "daily" Irish speakers and 1,873,997 people claiming "some ability of Irish", as of the 2022 census) [1] and Scotland (58,552 fluent "Gaelic speakers" and 92,400 with "some Gaelic language ability" in the 2001 census). [56]
These are: the Goidelic languages (Irish and Scottish Gaelic, both descended from Middle Irish) and the Brittonic languages (Welsh and Breton, descended from Common Brittonic). [5] The other two, Cornish (Brittonic) and Manx (Goidelic), died out in modern times [6] [7] [8] with their presumed last native speakers in 1777 and 1974 respectively.
Tiocfaidh ár lá (Irish pronunciation: [ˈtʲʊkiː aːɾˠ ˈl̪ˠaː] tchu-kih ar la); is an Irish language sentence which translates as "our day will come". It is a slogan of Irish republicanism. "Our day" is the date hoped for by Irish nationalists on which a united Ireland is achieved.
Erin go Bragh is an anglicisation of the phrase Éirinn go Brách in the Irish language. [2] The standard version in Irish is Éire go Brách, which is pronounced [ˈeːɾʲə ɡə ˈbˠɾˠaːx]. Some uses of the phrase will use Éirinn, which survives as the dative form in the modern standard form of Irish and is the source of the poetic form ...