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The need to control software fault is one of the most rising challenges facing software industries today. Fault tolerance must be a key consideration in the early stage of software development. There exist different mechanisms for software fault tolerance, among which: Recovery blocks; N-version software; Self-checking software
In engineering and systems theory, redundancy is the intentional duplication of critical components or functions of a system with the goal of increasing reliability of the system, usually in the form of a backup or fail-safe, or to improve actual system performance, such as in the case of GNSS receivers, or multi-threaded computer processing.
Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to maintain proper operation despite failures or faults in one or more of its components. This capability is essential for high-availability, mission-critical, or even life-critical systems. Fault tolerance specifically refers to a system's capability to handle faults without any degradation or downtime.
In computing, triple modular redundancy, sometimes called triple-mode redundancy, [1] (TMR) is a fault-tolerant form of N-modular redundancy, in which three systems perform a process and that result is processed by a majority-voting system to produce a single output. If any one of the three systems fails, the other two systems can correct and ...
Systems can be made robust by adding redundancy in all potential SPOFs. Redundancy can be achieved at various levels. The assessment of a potential SPOF involves identifying the critical components of a complex system that would provoke a total systems failure in case of malfunction. [2]
Zero downtime involves massive redundancy, which is needed for some types of aircraft and for most kinds of communications satellites. Global Positioning System is an example of a zero downtime system. Fault instrumentation can be used in systems with limited redundancy to achieve high availability. Maintenance actions occur during brief ...
Reliability, availability and serviceability (RAS), also known as reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM), is a computer hardware engineering term involving reliability engineering, high availability, and serviceability design. The phrase was originally used by IBM as a term to describe the robustness of their mainframe computers.
The different areas of software diversity are discussed in surveys on diversity for fault-tolerance [1] or for security. [2] [3] The main areas are: design diversity, n-version programming, data diversity for fault tolerance; randomization; software variability [4]