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Early hair tongs. A hair iron is a tool used to change the structure of the hair with the help of heat. There are three general kinds: curling tongs, also known as curling irons, [2] used to make the hair curly; straighteners, also known as flat irons, [3] used to straighten the hair; and crimpers, [4] used to create small crimps in the hair.
Marcelling is a hair styling technique in which hot curling tongs are used to induce a curl into the hair. [1] [2] Its appearance was similar to that of a finger wave but it is created using a different method. Marcelled hair was a popular style for women's hair in the 1920s, [2] often in conjunction with a bob cut. [2]
Theora Stephens is an American hairdresser [1] widely credited with a 1980 patent for "a more efficient pressing and curling iron." [2] Another source says Stephens “created the pressing/ curling iron in 1983.“ [3]
Unlike finger waves, the marcel wave is made with a hot curling iron, and is more permanent than finger waves. [6] Another hairstyle often confused with finger waves is the croquignole method of curling hair used to create a permanent wave. In this method the hair is curled using heated curlers and then shaped into the waves. [7]
historical image of hair irons (top) A hair iron or hair tong is a tool used to change the arrangement of the hair using heat. There are three general kinds: curling irons, used to make the hair curl; straightening irons, commonly called straighteners or flat irons, used to straighten the hair; and crimping irons, used to create crimps of the desired size in the hair.
Perming hair with the sodium thioglycolate method takes only 15–30 minutes of exposure to the sodium thioglycolate solution before a neutralizer solution is applied to bring the pH back to normal and re-bond the hair. The permanent relaxer straightens the hair instead of curling it. The same chemical methods can be used for this, but the hair ...
Multi-objective optimization or Pareto optimization (also known as multi-objective programming, vector optimization, multicriteria optimization, or multiattribute optimization) is an area of multiple-criteria decision making that is concerned with mathematical optimization problems involving more than one objective function to be optimized simultaneously.
A hot roller or hot curler is designed to be heated in an electric chamber before one rolls it into the hair. [2] Alternatively, a hair dryer heats the hair after the rolls are in place. Hair spray can temporarily fix curled hair in place. In 1930, Solomon Harper created the first electrically heated hair rollers, then creating a better design ...