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A hammer toe, hammertoe or contracted toe is a deformity of the muscles and ligaments of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toe, bending it into a shape resembling a hammer. In the early stage, a flexible hammertoe is movable at the joints; a rigid hammertoe joint cannot be moved and usually requires surgery.
Symptoms of these disorders include: fatigue, pain, lack of balance, lack of feeling, lack of reflexes, and lack of sight and hearing, which result from muscle atrophy. Patients can also have high arched feet, hammer toes, foot drop, foot deformities, and scoliosis. These symptoms are a result of severe muscular weakness and atrophy.
These same high heeled shoes, however, can have undesirable biomechanical effects. Different types of high heels. During gait, high heeled shoes are shown to affect the ankle joint, causing significantly increased plantarflexion. [14] This, in turn, increases the metabolic costs of walking and leads to faster muscle fatigue.
“Toe separators between two toes serve the purpose of reducing discomfort from deformities that cause pressure between two toes (bunion, hammertoe, etc.),” Sharkey explains.
According to 2023 research, good balance helps prevent falls and injuries, two common concerns as people age. Other research indicates that maintaining good balance supports mobility, independence ...
Problems with balance can occur when there is a disruption in any of the vestibular, visual, or proprioceptive systems. Abnormalities in balance function may indicate a wide range of pathologies from causes like inner ear disorders, low blood pressure, brain tumors, and brain injury including stroke. [citation needed]