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The Leningrad Codex (Latin: Codex Leningradensis [Leningrad Book]; Hebrew: כתב יד לנינגרד) or Petrograd Codex is the oldest known complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the Masoretic Text and Tiberian vocalization. According to its colophon, it was made in Cairo in AD 1008 (or possibly 1009). [1]
English: The Leningrad Codex from an old fascimile edition. This file includes the front cover and initial folios with colophon that appear before the biblical text begins with Genesis. Date
Leningrad/Petrograd Codex text sample, portions of Exodus 15:21-16:3. A Hebrew Bible manuscript is a handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) made on papyrus, parchment, or paper, and written in the Hebrew language (some of the biblical text and notations may be in Aramaic).
A sample page from Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Genesis 1,1-16a).. The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, abbreviated as BHS or rarely BH 4, is an edition of the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as preserved in the Leningrad Codex, and supplemented by masoretic and text-critical notes.
For the purposes of this compilation, as in philology, a "codex" is a manuscript book published from the late Antiquity period through the Middle Ages. (The majority of the books in both the list of manuscripts and list of illuminated manuscripts are codices.)
Third edition based on the Leningrad Codex, 1937; later reprints listed some variant readings from the Dead Sea Scrolls. Umberto Cassuto, 1953; Based on Ginsburg 2nd edition, but revised based on the Aleppo Codex, Leningrad Codex, and other early manuscripts. Norman Snaith, 1958 (published British and Foreign Bible Society)
A page from the Aleppo Codex, Deuteronomy. The Aleppo Codex (c. 920 CE) and Leningrad Codex (c. 1008 CE) were once the oldest known manuscripts of the Tanakh in Hebrew. In 1947, the finding of the Dead Sea Scrolls at Qumran pushed the manuscript history of the Tanakh back a millennium from such codices.
English: The Leningrad Codex (Deuteronomy) from an old fascimile edition. This file also contains the masoretic information for the end of the Torah. This file also contains the masoretic information for the end of the Torah.