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The more of the substance the fetus is exposed to, the more of an effect it can have on the overall development, as well as running the risk of being fatal to the fetus during the prenatal stage(s) of pregnancy. The effects of cocaine uses can cause for there to be an increased chance of the baby being born premature, affecting the body weight ...
Hurt is known for a study she began in 1988, while at Einstein Medical Center, looking at the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on adult development outcomes. The study, one of the longest and most long-term of its kind, included 224 babies born between 1989 and 1992 at Einstein, half of whom were born to cocaine-using mothers and half who were not. [2]
The vasoconstriction of the effects of cocaine lead to a decrease in placental blood flow to the fetus that results in fetal hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) and decreased fetal nutrition; these vasoconstrictive effects on the placenta have been linked to the number of complications in malformations that are evident in the newborn.
Developmental toxicity is any developmental malformation that is caused by the toxicity of a chemical or pathogen. It is the structural or functional alteration, reversible or irreversible, which interferes with homeostasis, normal growth, differentiation, development or behavior.
Crack baby is a term for a child born to a mother who used crack cocaine during her pregnancy. The threat that cocaine use during pregnancy poses to the fetus is now considered exaggerated. [27] Studies show that prenatal cocaine exposure (independent of other effects such as, for example, alcohol, tobacco, or physical environment) has no ...
A 1-month-old baby who was abandoned on a Colorado road median by his parents on Christmas Day had cocaine in his system, heartbroken family members said. Police in Adams County received a 911 ...
World renowned Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud introduces his theory on psychosexual development, which asserts that there is an immature clitoral orgasm and a mature vaginal orgasm. He states that the clitoris is the site for pre-pubescent orgasms but upon reaching puberty, healthy women should begin having vaginal orgasms instead.
Cocaine exposure effects visual and motor skills, attention, and memory. Marijuana has been shown to have adverse effects on deep problem solving skills and visual memory. Nicotine exposure has shown poor reading abilities, alcohol showed a decreased use of language, and language delays for cocaine.