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Systems theory is the transdisciplinary [1] study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial.Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structure, function and role, and expressed through its relations with other systems.
This list of types of systems theory gives an overview of different types of systems theory, which are mentioned in scientific book titles or articles. [1] The following more than 40 types of systems theory are all explicitly named systems theory and represent a unique conceptual framework in a specific field of science .
NJTA Kramer & J de Smit (1977) Systems thinking: Concepts and Notions, Springer. 148 pages; A. H. Louie (November 1983) "Categorical system theory" Bulletin of Mathematical Biology volume 45, pages 1047–1072; DonellaMeadows.org Systems Thinking Resources; Gerald Midgley (ed.) (2002) Systems Thinking, SAGE Publications.
Open system: A state and characteristics of that state in which a system continuously interacts with its environment. Open systems are those that maintain their state and exhibit the characteristics of openness previously mentioned. Structure–organization–process: See Structure–organization–process for various definitions.
An open system is also known as a flow system. The concept of an open system was formalized within a framework that enabled one to interrelate the theory of the organism, thermodynamics, and evolutionary theory. [1] This concept was expanded upon with the advent of information theory and subsequently systems theory. Today the concept has its ...
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. [1] A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems ...
Systematics is the name given by John Godolphin Bennett (1897–1974) to a branch of systems science that he developed in the mid-twentieth century. Also referred to as the theory of Multi-Term Systems or Bennettian Systematics, it focuses on types, levels, and degrees of complexity in systems, the qualities emergent at these levels, and the ability to represent and practically deal with ...
System relatedness: the effects of a singularity are characteristic of the system. Uniqueness: The nature of a singularity does not arise from the scale of the cause, so much as of its qualitative nature. Irreversibility: Events at a singularity commonly are irreversible; one cannot un-crack a glass with the same force that cracked it.