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Tikal (/ t i ˈ k ɑː l /; Tik'al in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, [2] found in a rainforest in Guatemala. [3]
Tikal Temple I is the designation given to one of the major structures at Tikal, one of the largest cities and archaeological sites of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization in Mesoamerica. It is located in the Petén Basin region of northern Guatemala .
Two structures at Tikal in particular are associated with Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil. Tikal Temple I is a classically Petén-styled stepped pyramid structure which served as this ruler's tomb, although it is unclear whether it was built for this specific purpose. Tikal Temple II served as the tomb for his wife, Lady Lahan Unen Moʼ (died c.704). [3]
The monarchy of Tikal is the oldest yet known in the Maya Lowlands, having been founded at the turn of the 1st century AD. [1] The dynasty is last attested in the late 9th century, after a span of some 800 years and at least 33 rulers. [2]
Tikal National Park is a national park located in Guatemala, in the northern region of the Petén Department. Stretching across 57,600 hectares (220 sq mi), it contains the ancient Mayan city of Tikal and the surrounding tropical forests, savannas, and wetlands. [ 2 ]
Introduction to the Archaeology of Tikal, Guatemala. Tikal Report No. 12. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-934718-43-1. OCLC 876045079. Gómez, Oswaldo (2006). "El Proyecto Plaza de los Siete Templos de Tikal: Nuevas intervenciones." [The Plaza of the Seven Temples Project at Tikal: New investigations] (PDF).
The earliest twin-pyramid complex was built in Tikal's East Plaza early in the 6th century AD. [4] This first example was used to celebrate several kʼatun endings. In the Late Classic Period (c. AD 600–900) a new twin-pyramid complex was built for each kʼatun-ending ceremony, with six complexes built between 692 and 790. [4]
The National Tikal Project (Proyecto Nacional Tikal) investigated the Mundo Perdido from 1979 until 1985, and partially restored the principal structures of the complex. [8] The Mundo Perdido was the first architectural complex to be built at Tikal in the Preclassic period and the last to be abandoned during the Terminal Classic.