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In a non-Newtonian fluid, the relation between the shear stress and the shear rate is different. The fluid can even exhibit time-dependent viscosity. Therefore, a constant coefficient of viscosity cannot be defined. Although the concept of viscosity is commonly used in fluid mechanics to characterize the shear properties of a fluid, it can be ...
Fluids used for this purpose are non-Newtonian. Shear thickening fluids (or STF), which are the same as dilatants, are one type of non-Newtonian fluid. Magnetorheological fluids (or MRF) are another type of non-Newtonian fluid that also belong to a class of fluids known as smart fluids.
If a fluid does not obey this relation, it is termed a non-Newtonian fluid, of which there are several types. Non-Newtonian fluids can be either plastic, Bingham plastic, pseudoplastic, dilatant, thixotropic, rheopectic, viscoelastic. In some applications, another rough broad division among fluids is made: ideal and non-ideal fluids.
Ultimately, a non-Newtonian fluid will change under force to be either more liquid or more solid. We’ve outlined all the steps and supplies needed to create your own super-liquid below, but be ...
Such a shear thickening fluid, also known by the initialism STF, is an example of a non-Newtonian fluid. This behaviour is usually not observed in pure materials, but can occur in suspensions. A dilatant is a non-Newtonian fluid where the shear viscosity increases with applied shear stress.
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A Newtonian fluid is a power-law fluid with a behaviour index of 1, where the shear stress is directly proportional to the shear rate: = These fluids have a constant viscosity, μ, across all shear rates and include many of the most common fluids, such as water, most aqueous solutions, oils, corn syrup, glycerine, air and other gases.
Classification of fluids with shear stress as a function of shear rate: Pseudoplastic, Bingham plastic and Bingham pseudoplastic all show reduction in apparent viscosity with increasing shear rate. In rheology, shear thinning is the non-Newtonian behavior of fluids whose viscosity decreases under shear strain.