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  2. Map (higher-order function) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_(higher-order_function)

    Given two functors ,:, a natural transformation : consists of a collection of morphisms :, one for each object of the category , which are 'natural' in the sense that they act as a 'conversion' between the two functors, taking no account of the objects that the functors are applied to.

  3. Scatter plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatter_plot

    A scatter plot, also called a scatterplot, scatter graph, scatter chart, scattergram, or scatter diagram, [2] is a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data. If the points are coded (color/shape/size), one additional variable can be displayed.

  4. Abstract interpretation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_interpretation

    While high-level languages such as Python or Haskell use unbounded integers by default, lower-level programming languages such as C or assembly language typically operate on finitely-sized machine words, which are more suitably modeled using the integers modulo (where n is the bit width of a machine word). There are several abstract domains ...

  5. List of algorithms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_algorithms

    An algorithm is fundamentally a set of rules or defined procedures that is typically designed and used to solve a specific problem or a broad set of problems.. Broadly, algorithms define process(es), sets of rules, or methodologies that are to be followed in calculations, data processing, data mining, pattern recognition, automated reasoning or other problem-solving operations.

  6. Metasyntactic variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasyntactic_variable

    By mathematical analogy, a metasyntactic variable is a word that is a variable for other words, just as in algebra letters are used as variables for numbers. [ 1 ] Metasyntactic variables are used to name entities such as variables, functions, and commands whose exact identity is unimportant and serve only to demonstrate a concept, which is ...

  7. Separation of variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_variables

    Thus, when one separates variables for first-order equations, one in fact moves the dx denominator of the operator to the side with the x variable, and the d(y) is left on the side with the y variable. The second-derivative operator, by analogy, breaks down as follows:

  8. Boolean satisfiability problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_satisfiability_problem

    Thus any 3-SAT instance with m clauses and n variables may be converted into an equisatisfiable one-in-three 3-SAT instance with 5m clauses and n + 6m variables. [15] Another reduction involves only four fresh variables and three clauses: R (¬ x , a , b ) ∧ R ( b , y , c ) ∧ R( c , d ,¬ z ), see picture (right).

  9. System of linear equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_linear_equations

    The solution set for two equations in three variables is, in general, a line. In general, the behavior of a linear system is determined by the relationship between the number of equations and the number of unknowns. Here, "in general" means that a different behavior may occur for specific values of the coefficients of the equations.