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A distributed database is a database in which data is stored across different physical locations. [1] It may be stored in multiple computers located in the same physical location (e.g. a data centre); or maybe dispersed over a network of interconnected computers.
A distributed SQL database is a single relational database which replicates data across multiple servers. Distributed SQL databases are strongly consistent and most support consistency across racks, data centers, and wide area networks including cloud availability zones and cloud geographic zones .
The traditional approach for storing data was to use a centralized database, and users would query the data from various points over a network. [ 1 ] An example for a centralized database could be given with the Australian Department of Defense , which centralized their databases in the mid 1970s.
A deductive database combines logic programming with a relational database. A distributed database is one in which both the data and the DBMS span multiple computers. A document-oriented database is designed for storing, retrieving, and managing document-oriented, or semi structured, information. Document-oriented databases are one of the main ...
This is a comparison of object–relational database management systems (ORDBMSs). Each system has at least some features of an object–relational database ; they vary widely in their completeness and the approaches taken.
Database systems designed with traditional ACID guarantees in mind such as RDBMS choose consistency over availability, whereas systems designed around the BASE philosophy, common in the NoSQL movement for example, choose availability over consistency.
Even an extreme database-centric architecture called RDBMS-only architecture [6] [7] has been proposed, in which the three classic layers of an application are kept within the RDBMS. This architecture heavily uses the DBPL (Database Programming Language) of the RDBMS. An example of software with this architecture is Oracle Application Express ...
Databases are common transactional resources and, often, transactions span a couple of such databases. In this case, a distributed transaction can be seen as a database transaction that must be synchronized (or provide ACID properties) among multiple participating databases which are distributed among different physical locations.