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  2. List of carboxylic acids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_carboxylic_acids

    The systematic IUPAC name is not always the preferred IUPAC name, for example, lactic acid is a common, and also the preferred, name for what systematic rules call 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid.

  3. Acetic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetic_acid

    acetyl chloride SOCl 2 acetic acid (i) Li[AlH 4], ether (ii) H 3 O + ethanol Two typical organic reactions of acetic acid Acetic acid undergoes the typical chemical reactions of a carboxylic acid. Upon treatment with a standard base, it converts to metal acetate and water. With strong bases (e.g., organolithium reagents), it can be doubly deprotonated to give LiCH 2 COOLi. Reduction of acetic ...

  4. IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC_nomenclature_of...

    For example, CH 3 −CH(OH)−COOH (lactic acid) is named 2-hydroxypropanoic acid with no "1" stated. Some traditional names for common carboxylic acids (such as acetic acid) are in such widespread use that they are retained in IUPAC nomenclature, [7] though systematic names like ethanoic acid are

  5. List of water-miscible solvents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_water-miscible...

    C 2 H 6 O 2: ethylene glycol: 107-21-1 HCOOH: formic acid: 64-18-6 C 5 H 6 O 2: furfuryl alcohol: 98-00-0 C 3 H 8 O 3: glycerol: 56-81-5 CH 3 OH: methanol: 67-56-1 CH 3 N(C 2 H 4 OH) 2: methyl diethanolamine: 105-59-9 CH 3 NC: methyl isocyanide: 593-75-9 C 5 H 9 NO: N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone: 872-50-4 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH: 1-Propanol: 71-23-8 CH 2 ...

  6. Knoevenagel condensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoevenagel_condensation

    The active hydrogen component has the forms: [3] Z−CH 2 −Z or Z−CHR−Z for instance diethyl malonate, Meldrum's acid, ethyl acetoacetate or malonic acid, or cyanoacetic acid. [1] Z−CHRR', for instance nitromethane. where Z is an electron withdrawing group. Z must be powerful enough to facilitate deprotonation to the enolate ion even ...

  7. Cyanohydrin reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanohydrin_reaction

    The chemist Urech in 1872 was the first to synthesize cyanohydrins from ketones with alkali cyanides and acetic acid [2] and therefore this reaction also goes by the name of Urech cyanohydrin method. References

  8. Sodium acetate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_acetate

    To manufacture anhydrous sodium acetate industrially, the Niacet Process is used. Sodium metal ingots are extruded through a die to form a ribbon of sodium metal, usually under an inert gas atmosphere such as N 2 then immersed in anhydrous acetic acid. 2 CH 3 COOH + 2 Na →2 CH 3 COONa + H 2. The hydrogen gas is normally a valuable byproduct.

  9. Deprotonation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deprotonation

    Deprotonation of acetic acid by a hydroxide ion. Deprotonation (or dehydronation) is the removal (transfer) of a proton (or hydron, or hydrogen cation), (H +) from a Brønsted–Lowry acid in an acid–base reaction. [1] [2] The species formed is the conjugate base of that acid.