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Chromosome 5 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 5 spans about 182 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA) and represents almost 6% of the total DNA in cells. Chromosome 5 is the 5th largest human chromosome, yet has one of the lowest gene densities.
In 2021, scientists reported sequencing a complete, female genome (i.e., without the Y chromosome). [4] [3] The human Y chromosome, consisting of 62,460,029 base pairs from a different cell line and found in all males, was sequenced completely in January 2022. [5] The current version of the standard reference genome is called GRCh38.p14 (July ...
Human chromosomes, each of which contains an incomplete list of genes located on that chromosome, are as follows: Chromosome 1; Chromosome 2; Chromosome 3;
The number of alleles an individual can have in a specific gene depends on the number of copies of each chromosome found in that species, also referred to as ploidy. In diploid species like humans, two full sets of chromosomes are present, meaning each individual has two alleles for any given gene.
The basic number of chromosomes in the somatic cells of an individual or a species is called the somatic number and is designated 2n. In the germ-line (the sex cells) the chromosome number is n (humans: n = 23). [4] [5] p28 Thus, in humans 2n = 46. So, in normal diploid organisms, autosomal chromosomes are present in two copies.
The SDHA gene is located on the p arm of chromosome 5 at locus 15 and is composed of 17 exons. [6] The SDHA protein encoded by this gene is 664 amino acids long and weighs 72.7 kDA. [7] [8] SDHA protein has four subdomains, including capping domain, helical domain, C-terminal domain and most notably, β-barrel FAD-binding domain at N-terminus.
The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms.This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, [1] [2] [3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.
[20] [21] During this split, chromosome 2 was formed from the joining of two other chromosomes, leaving humans with only 23 pairs of chromosomes, compared to 24 for the other apes. [22] Following their split with chimpanzees and bonobos, the hominins diversified into many species and at least two distinct genera.