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In 1696, under the reign of Saif bin Sultan, an Omani fleet attacked Mombasa, besieging the Portuguese Fort Jesus, in which 2,500 civilians had taken refuge. The siege of the fort ended after 33 months when the garrison, dying of hunger, surrendered to the Omanis. By 1783, the Omani Empire had expanded eastwards to Gwadar in present-day ...
The Portuguese garrison of Muscat consisted of European men and Indian mercenaries from Goa; these troops took defensive positions outside the fort in hills and mountains nearby. The Portuguese fortresses São João and Capitão were the headquarters for leadership, supplies, and cannons; they were both heavily fortified.
Turning the table, the Omani Yarubid dynasty became a colonial power itself, acquiring former Portuguese colonies in Southeast Africa and engaging in the slave trade, centered on the Swahili coast and the island of Zanzibar. [13] Areas under the Omani Empire. By 1719 dynastic succession led to the nomination of Saif bin Sultan II (c. 1706–1743).
Along the Omani coast the Portuguese erected forts and installed garrisons to defend the territory from incursions from pirates, the Persians and local Arab tribes from the interior. Mascate – Muscat – headquarters of the Portuguese captain-general of the sea of Hormuz responsible for all Portuguese operations in Oman, the Persian Gulf and ...
The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: سلطنة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān), also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: دولة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Dawlat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān) during the rule of Taimur bin Feisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab ...
The Omani Ya'rubids challenged Portuguese supremacy on the east African coast in the 17th century, and after decades of conflict in 1698 captured Fort Jesus at the Siege of Mombasa, marking the end of Portuguese political and commercial influence north of this region. [55] [56]
It marked the beginning of Western European dominance in the Indian Ocean. The author William Weir in his book 50 Battles That Changed the World , ranks this battle as the 6th most important in history, losing only to the Battle of Marathon , the Nika Rebellion , the Battle of Bunker Hill , the Battle of Arbela (Gaugamela) and the Battle of ...
Omani women wear eye-catching national costumes, with distinctive regional variations. All costumes incorporate vivid colours and vibrant embroidery and decorations. The Omani women's traditional costume comprises several garments: the kandoorah , which is a long tunic whose sleeves or radoon are adorned with hand-stitched embroidery of various ...