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Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the other tissues of the body, where it releases the oxygen to enable aerobic respiration which powers an animal's metabolism. A healthy human has 12 to 20 grams of hemoglobin in every 100 mL of blood. Hemoglobin is a metalloprotein, a chromoprotein, and ...
The Mentzer index, described in 1973 by William C. Mentzer, [1] is the MCV divided by the RBC count. It is said to be helpful in differentiating iron deficiency anemia from beta thalassemia trait.
The total number of protein-coding genes (the Earth's proteome) is estimated to be 5 million sequences. [98] Although the number of base-pairs of DNA in the human genome has been known since the 1950s, the estimated number of genes has changed over time as definitions of genes, and methods of detecting them have been refined.
Structure of a typical L-alpha-amino acid in the "neutral" form. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. [1] Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. [2]
In a healthy adult male of 75 kg (165 lb) with a blood volume of 5 L, a blood glucose level of 5.5 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) amounts to 5 g, equivalent to about a teaspoonful of sugar. [14] Part of the reason why this amount is so small is that, to maintain an influx of glucose into cells, enzymes modify glucose by adding phosphate or other groups to it.
A man is an adult male human. [a] [2] [3] Before adulthood, a male human is referred to as a boy (a male child or adolescent). Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromosome from the father. Sex differentiation of the male fetus is governed by the SRY gene on the Y
EGFR signaling cascades Diagram of the EGF receptor highlighting important domains. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane protein that is activated by binding of its specific ligands, including epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α). [7]
19645 Ensembl ENSG00000139687 ENSMUSG00000022105 UniProt P06400 P13405 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000321 NM_009029 RefSeq (protein) NP_000312 NP_000312.2 NP_033055 Location (UCSC) Chr 13: 48.3 – 48.6 Mb Chr 14: 73.42 – 73.56 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated Rb or pRb ; gene name abbreviated Rb, RB or RB1) is a tumor ...