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Organic farming is often presented as a more biodiversity-friendly practice, but the generality of the beneficial effects of organic farming is debated as the effects appear often species- and context-dependent, and current research has highlighted the need to quantify the relative effects of local- and landscape-scale management on farmland ...
In the U.S. during the 1970s and 1980s, J. I. Rodale and his Rodale Press (now Rodale, Inc.) advocated for organic farming methods. The press's books offered how-to information and advice to Americans interested in trying organic gardening and farming. In 1984, Oregon Tilth established an early organic certification service in the United States ...
An organic garden on a school campus. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to organic gardening and farming: . Organic farming – alternative agricultural system that relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost, manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting.
Organic produce at a farmers' market in Argentina. Organic food, ecological food, or biological food are foods and drinks produced by methods complying with the standards of organic farming. Standards vary worldwide, but organic farming features practices that cycle resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity.
Organic gardening is designed to work with the ecological systems and minimally disturb the Earth's natural balance. Because of this organic farmers have been interested in reduced-tillage methods. Conventional agriculture uses mechanical tillage, [5] which is ploughing or sowing, which is harmful to the environment. The impact of tilling in ...
The organic movement began in the early 1900s in response to the shift towards synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides in the early days of industrial agriculture.A relatively small group of farmers came together in various associations: Demeter International of Germany, which encouraged biodynamic farming and began the first certification program, the Australian Organic Farming and ...
The first set of principles of organic agriculture to be published by any organic association was a set of ten principles published by the Australian Organic Farming and Gardening Society (1944–1955). [2] The organic sector has grown significantly in recent years. Along with that growth have come opportunities and challenges.
[2] [3] Under this act, the Secretary of Agriculture promulgated regulations establishing the National Organic Program (NOP) in 2000. It restricts the use of the term "organic" to certified organic producers (excepting growers selling under $5,000 a year, who must still comply and submit to a records audit if requested, but do not have to ...