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It decreases LDL by 15–30% and raises HDL by 3–5%, with little effect on triglycerides, but can cause a slight increase. Bile acid sequestrants may cause gastrointestinal problems and may also reduce the absorption of other drugs and vitamins from the gut. Ezetimibe is a selective inhibitor of dietary cholesterol absorption.
The most important adverse side effects are muscle problems, an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, and increased liver enzymes in the blood due to liver damage. [ 5 ] [ 65 ] Over 5 years of treatment statins result in 75 cases of diabetes, 7.5 cases of bleeding stroke , and 5 cases of muscle damage per 10,000 people treated. [ 34 ]
Fibrates improve atherogenic dyslipidemia characterized by high triglyceride and/or low HDL-C levels and elevated concentrations of small dense LDL particles, with or without high LDL-C levels. Fibrates may be compared to statin drugs, which reduce LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and have only limited effects on other lipid parameters.
In March 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved resmetirom — sold under the brand name Rezdiffra® — for people with NASH and moderate to advanced liver scarring.
It is a combination of ezetimibe (known as Zetia in the United States) and the statin drug simvastatin (known as Zocor in the US). Ezetimibe reduces blood cholesterol by acting at the brush border of the small intestine and inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol, leading to a decrease in the delivery of intestinal cholesterol to the liver.
Rosuvastatin, sold under the brand name Crestor among others, is a statin medication, used to prevent cardiovascular disease in those at high risk and treat abnormal lipids. [6] It is recommended to be used together with dietary changes, exercise, and weight loss. [6] It is taken orally (by mouth). [6]
Palm oil contains a high amount of saturated fat, and research shows it increases triglycerides, total cholesterol, and "bad" cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. 6. Full-Fat ...
Drugs in this class substantially increase HDL cholesterol, lower LDL cholesterol, and enhance reverse cholesterol transport. [citation needed]CETP inhibitors inhibit cholesterylester transfer protein (CETP), which normally transfers cholesterol from HDL cholesterol to very low density or low density lipoproteins (VLDL or LDL).