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There are three main lab values that are commonly evaluated in relation to liver health: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). AST and ALT are markers of liver cell injury.
Aspartate transaminase (AST). Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). If your liver is injured, it releases enzymes into your bloodstream (most commonly ALT or AST).
ALT and AST are liver enzymes produced by the liver. If you have high levels of ALT and AST in your blood, it could be a sign of liver disease. The ratio of ALT to AST can help diagnose the underlying cause.
Mild, asymptomatic elevations of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, defined as less than five times the upper limit of normal, are common in primary care.
Common causes of elevated liver enzymes include: Nonprescription pain medicines, particularly acetaminophen (Tylenol, others). Certain prescription medicines, including statins, which are used to control cholesterol. Drinking alcohol.
A population-based survey in the United States conducted between 1999 and 2002 estimated that an abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was present in 8.9 percent of respondents.
Alanine transaminase (ALT). ALT is an enzyme found in the liver that helps convert proteins into energy for the liver cells. When the liver is damaged, ALT is released into the bloodstream and levels increase. This test is sometimes referred to as SGPT. Aspartate transaminase (AST). AST is an enzyme
Mild isolated elevations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST; < 2 times normal) may require only repeat testing; they resolve in about one third of cases.
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are enzymes found within liver cells at high concentrations. Raised ALT / AST levels in the blood occur in pathologies that cause liver cell (hepatocyte) inflammation or damage. Therefore, raised ALT / AST levels are a marker of hepatocellular injury.
There are many potential causes of elevated liver enzymes, from minor infections or illnesses to serious liver disease or cancer. Your healthcare provider can help you understand your lab results based on your symptoms, medication and alcohol use, family history, and other test results.