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Time dilation. Time dilation is the difference in elapsed time as measured by two clocks, either because of a relative velocity between them (special relativity), or a difference in gravitational potential between their locations (general relativity). When unspecified, "time dilation" usually refers to the effect due to velocity.
In mathematics, a homothety (or homothecy, or homogeneous dilation) is a transformation of an affine space determined by a point S called its center and a nonzero number called its ratio, which sends point to a point by the rule [1] X {\displaystyle {\overrightarrow {SX'}}=k {\overrightarrow {SX}}} for a fixed number. ≠ {\displaystyle k\neq 0} .
Lorentz factor γ as a function of fraction of given velocity and speed of light. Its initial value is 1 (when v = 0); and as velocity approaches the speed of light (v → c) γ increases without bound (γ → ∞). α (Lorentz factor inverse) as a function of velocity—a circular arc. In the table below, the left-hand column shows speeds as ...
Lorentz factor. {\displaystyle \gamma = {\frac {1} {\sqrt {1-\beta ^ {2}}}}} where and v is the relative velocity between two inertial frames. For two frames at rest, γ = 1, and increases with relative velocity between the two inertial frames. As the relative velocity approaches the speed of light, γ → ∞. Time dilation (different times t ...
In the second method, times and are not equal due to time dilation, resulting in different lengths too. The deviation between the measurements in all inertial frames is given by the formulas for Lorentz transformation and time dilation (see Derivation). It turns out that the proper length remains unchanged and always denotes the greatest length ...
A source of light waves moving to the right, relative to observers, with velocity 0.7 c. The frequency is higher for observers on the right, and lower for observers on the left. The relativistic Doppler effect is the change in frequency, wavelength and amplitude [1] of light, caused by the relative motion of the source and the observer (as in ...
A conformal linear transformation, also called a homogeneous similarity transformation or homogeneous similitude, is a similarity transformation of a Euclidean or pseudo-Euclidean vector space which fixes the origin. It can be written as the composition of an orthogonal transformation (an origin-preserving rigid transformation) with a uniform ...
the metric in the hyperbolically accelerated frame follows as. These transformations define the Rindler observer as an observer that is "at rest" in Rindler coordinates, i.e., maintaining constant x, y, z, and only varying t as time passes. The coordinates are valid in the region , which is often called the Rindler wedge, if represents the ...