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In linear algebra, a symmetric matrix is a square matrix that is equal to its transpose (i.e., it is invariant under matrix transposition). Formally, matrix A is symmetric if. By the definition of matrix equality, which requires that the entries in all corresponding positions be equal, equal matrices must have the same dimensions (as matrices ...
Symmetric graph. The Petersen graph is a (cubic) symmetric graph. Any pair of adjacent vertices can be mapped to another by an automorphism, since any five-vertex ring can be mapped to any other. In the mathematical field of graph theory, a graph G is symmetric (or arc-transitive) if, given any two pairs of adjacent vertices u1—v1 and u2—v2 ...
Symmetry (geometry) A drawing of a butterfly with bilateral symmetry, with left and right sides as mirror images of each other. In geometry, an object has symmetry if there is an operation or transformation (such as translation, scaling, rotation or reflection) that maps the figure/object onto itself (i.e., the object has an invariance under ...
In group theory, the symmetry group of a geometric object is the group of all transformations under which the object is invariant, endowed with the group operation of composition. Such a transformation is an invertible mapping of the ambient space which takes the object to itself, and which preserves all the relevant structure of the object.
The symmetric difference is the set of elements that are in either set, but not in the intersection. Symbolic statement. A Δ B = ( A ∖ B ) ∪ ( B ∖ A ) {\displaystyle A\,\Delta \,B=\left (A\setminus B\right)\cup \left (B\setminus A\right)} In mathematics, the symmetric difference of two sets, also known as the disjunctive union and set ...
A geometric shape or object is symmetric if it can be divided into two or more identical pieces that are arranged in an organized fashion. [5] This means that an object is symmetric if there is a transformation that moves individual pieces of the object, but doesn't change the overall shape. The type of symmetry is determined by the way the ...